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压力容器常见失效模式

更新时间:2026-02-09       点击次数:19

一大类:短期失效模式(Short term failure modes):

1) 脆性断裂(Brittle fracture2) 韧性断裂(Ductile rupture3)超量变形引起的接头泄漏(Leakage at joints due to excessive deformations)4) 超量局部应变引起的裂纹形成或韧性撕裂(Crack formation or ductile tearing dueto excessive local strains)5) 弹性、 塑性或弹塑性失稳(垮塌)(Instability-elastic,plastic or elastic-plastic)第二大类:长期失效模式(Long term failure modes

6) 蠕变断裂(Creep Rupture7)蝴变一在机械连接处的超量变形或导致不允许的载荷传递(Creep-excessive deformations at mechanical joints or resulting in unacccptable transfer of load)8) 蠕变失稳(Creep instability9) 冲蚀、腐蚀(Erosion,corrosion10)环境助长开裂如:应力腐蚀开裂、氢致开裂(Environmentally assisted cracking e.g. stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen induced cracking, etc)第三大类:循环失效模式(Cyclic failure modes):

11)扩展性塑性变形 Progressive plastic deformation12)交替塑性 Alternating plasticity13)弹性应变疲劳(中周和高周疲劳)或弹一塑性应变疲劳(低周疲劳)Fatigue under elastic strains (medium and high cycle fatigue) or under elastic-plastic strains (low cycle fatigue)14) 环境助长疲劳Environmentally assisted fatigue


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